Skin is the body’s largest organ, serving as a protective covering that separates the internal organs and tissues from the external environment. It is composed of three primary layers: the outermost epidermis, the middle dermis, and the innermost subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis). Skin performs several vital functions, including providing a physical …
DeepakRajput Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent; b) Paracrine; c) Synaptic; d) Endocrine.
Intracellular signaling pathways are highly dynamic and regulated processes that enable cells to respond to extracellular signals with precision and specificity. These pathways are crucial for maintaining normal cellular function, adapting to changing environments, and coordinating complex physiological processes in multicellular organisms. Understanding how intracellular signaling pathways are activated and …
Intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule
Intracellular signaling pathways are complex and highly regulated processes that enable cells to respond to extracellular signal molecules (ligands) and coordinate various cellular activities. These pathways play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, responding to environmental cues, and regulating processes such as growth, development, immune responses, and cell differentiation. Here …
General principles of cell signaling
Cell communication, also known as cell signaling, is the process by which cells communicate with each other to coordinate various physiological and biochemical processes within an organism. It is a fundamental aspect of multicellular life and plays a critical role in regulating growth, development, immune responses, and homeostasis. The general …
Cell junctions
Specialized structures in the cell membrane, called cell junctions, facilitate communication, adhesion, and coordination between adjacent cells in multicellular organisms. These junctions play a crucial role in maintaining tissue integrity, enabling cells to collaborate, and ensuring the proper functioning of various organs and tissues. Multiple cell junctions exist, each with …
Cell division
In biology, cell division is a critical process where one cell splits into two or more new cells. This process is incredibly important for the growth, development, repair, and reproduction of living organisms. Cell division happens in two main ways: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis makes identical cells for growth and …
Transport across the Cell Membrane
The process of transporting substances across the cell membrane is pivotal in governing the movement of various molecules into and out of cells. The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, plays a key role in this essential function. It serves as a selective and permeable barrier that actively …
Cell
A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processes. Cells are all living beings’ structural, functional, and biological units. A cell can replicate itself independently. Hence, they are known as the building blocks of life. In every cell, you’ll find …
Basic anatomical terminologies
Basic anatomical terminology is a set of standardized words and phrases used by healthcare professionals, anatomists, and biologists to describe the body’s structure and organization. This terminology provides a common language to precisely communicate about anatomical structures, their locations, and their relationships. Here are some fundamental anatomical terms: 1. Anatomical …
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is a fundamental biological concept that refers to the ability of living organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external fluctuations. It is crucial for all living organisms’ survival and proper functioning, from simple single-celled organisms to complex multicellular beings like humans. Homeostasis ensures that various physiological variables, …
