Definition A freeze dryer, also known as a lyophilizer, is a specialized piece of equipment used in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and food industries for drying sensitive materials, particularly those that are heat-sensitive. Unlike conventional drying methods, freeze drying involves freezing the material and then removing the ice by sublimation, a …
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Vacuum Dryer: Definition, Principles, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and Demerits
Definition A vacuum dryer is an industrial drying equipment designed to remove moisture or solvents from materials under reduced pressure. By creating a vacuum within the drying chamber, the boiling point of the liquid in the material is lowered, facilitating faster and gentler drying. Principles of Vacuum Dryer The vacuum …
Fluidized Bed Dryer: Definition, Principles, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and Demerits
Definition A fluidized bed dryer is a type of industrial dryer that uses a fluidized bed to suspend and dry particles. In a fluidized bed, a gas (usually air) is passed through a solid particulate material, causing the particles to behave like a fluid. This dynamic state enhances heat and …
Spray Dryer: Definition, Principles, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and Demerits
Principles of Spray Dryer A spray dryer is a device that utilizes the principle of atomization to convert a liquid or slurry into fine droplets and then dries these droplets rapidly by exposing them to a hot gas. The liquid feed is sprayed into a drying chamber, where it comes …
Drum Dryer: Definition, Principles, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and Demerits
Principles of Drum Dryer The drum dryer operates on the principle of conduction and radiation. Wet material is applied to the surface of a rotating drum, and as the drum rotates, heat is applied to the inner surface. This heat causes the moisture within the material to evaporate, leaving behind …
Tray Dryer: Definition, Principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits
Definition A tray dryer is a widely used industrial drying equipment designed for drying various materials in batches. It typically consists of trays stacked on top of each other within a chamber, where heated air circulates to facilitate the drying process. The trays, often made of stainless steel, hold the …
Rate of Drying Curve: Understanding and Analysis
The rate of drying curve is a graphical representation that illustrates the drying behaviour of a material over time. It depicts the relationship between the moisture content of a substance and the time it takes for the material to dry under specific conditions. This curve is crucial in various industries …
Measurements and Applications of Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC)
Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) Equilibrium Moisture Content refers to the moisture content of a material when it is in a state of equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere. It is a crucial parameter in various industries where moisture plays a significant role. The measurement and understanding of EMC are vital for …
Drying: Objectives, Applications, and Mechanisms of the Drying Process
Objectives of Drying Drying is a common unit operation used to remove moisture from solids or liquids by evaporation. The objectives of drying can vary depending on the material being processed, but some general goals include: 1. Preservation: Drying is often employed to preserve food, pharmaceuticals, and other perishable goods …
