General Introduction Honey is a natural, sweet substance produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from the nectar of flowers. It has been used for thousands of years as a food product, a natural sweetener, and for its medicinal properties. Honey’s unique composition gives it various health benefits, making it a valuable …
DeepakRajput 
Tragacanth: A Comprehensive Study of its Chemistry, Sources, Preparation, Evaluation, Preservation, Storage, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Utility
General Introduction Tragacanth is a natural gum obtained from the dried sap of several species of the genus Astragalus. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and various industries for its excellent emulsifying, thickening, and stabilizing properties. Tragacanth gum is prized for its viscosity, stability in acidic conditions, …
Agar: Introduction, Chemistry, Sources, Preparation, Evaluation, Preservation, Storage, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Utility
General Introduction Agar, also known as agar-agar, is a gelatinous substance derived from red algae, particularly from the genera Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is widely used in microbiology, food industry, and pharmaceuticals due to its unique gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties. Â Detailed Study with Respect to Chemistry Chemical Nature: – …
Acacia: Introduction, Chemistry, Sources, Preparation, Evaluation, Preservation, Storage, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Utility
General Introduction Acacia, commonly known as gum arabic, is a natural gum derived from the hardened sap of various species of the Acacia tree. Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal are the primary sources of this gum. Gum arabic has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, food, and pharmaceutical industries …
Natural Allergens: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses
Biological Source Natural allergens are substances originating from various biological sources that can cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. These allergens can be found in plants, animals, foods, and environmental sources. Some common sources include: 1. Pollen: – Plants: Trees (e.g., birch, oak), grasses (e.g., ryegrass, Bermuda grass), and …
Teratogens: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses of Drugs of Natural Origin
Teratogens are substances that can cause congenital abnormalities or birth defects in a developing fetus when a pregnant woman is exposed to them. These substances can affect the fetus at any stage of pregnancy but are particularly harmful during the organogenesis period (the first trimester). Biological Sources Teratogens can be …
Hallucinogens: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses of Drugs of Natural Origin
 Biological Source Hallucinogens are a diverse group of substances that originate from various plant, fungal, and animal sources. Some notable examples include: 1. Psilocybin Mushrooms: – Species: Psilocybe cubensis, Psilocybe semilanceata – Family: Hymenogastraceae 2. Peyote Cactus: – Species: Lophophora williamsii – Family: Cactaceae 3. Ayahuasca: …
Hemp: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses of Drugs of Natural Origin
Biological Source Scientific Name: Cannabis sativa L. Family: Cannabaceae Part Used: The bast fibers obtained from the stem of the hemp plant. Â Chemical Nature Hemp fibers are primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin. These components contribute to the mechanical properties and versatility of hemp fibers. Chemical Composition: – …
Jute: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses of Drugs of Natural Origin:
Biological Source Scientific Name: Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis Family: Malvaceae (previously classified under Tiliaceae) Part Used: The bast fibers obtained from the stem of the jute plant. Â Chemical Nature Jute fibers are predominantly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The unique composition of these components gives jute its characteristic …
Cotton: Study of Biological Source, Chemical Nature, and Uses of Drugs of Natural Origin
 Biological Source Scientific Name: Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium herbaceum. Family: Malvaceae Part Used: The fibers are derived from the seed coat of the cotton plant.  Chemical Nature Cotton fibers are predominantly composed of cellulose, a polysaccharide consisting of β-D-glucose units linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds. The …
