Myrrh: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

Screenshot 2025 03 29 133232 Myrrh: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

1. Introduction to Myrrh Myrrh is a natural resin obtained from trees of the genus Commiphora, mainly Commiphora myrrha and Commiphora gileadensis. It has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine, religious rituals, and perfumery. Myrrh is particularly famous for its aromatic properties and medicinal benefits, being an integral part of the pharmacopeias of … Read more

Asafoetida: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

Screenshot 2025 03 28 210826 Asafoetida: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

1. General Introduction of Asafoetida Asafoetida, commonly known as “Hing”, is a gum resin obtained from the rhizome and taproot of various species of the Ferula genus, mainly Ferula assa-foetida. It is widely used in traditional medicine and as a flavoring agent in cooking, particularly in Indian, Persian, and Middle Eastern cuisines. Asafoetida is known … Read more

Ginger: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

Screenshot 2025 03 28 142518 Ginger: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

1. General Introduction of Ginger Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae and is widely used as a spice, condiment, and medicinal herb. It is native to Southeast Asia and is now cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Ginger has been an integral part of traditional medicine systems, including … Read more

In process and final product quality control tests for capsules

Screenshot 2025 03 19 104403 In process and final product quality control tests for capsules

1. In-Process Quality Control (IPQC) Tests for Capsules In-process quality control tests are performed during different stages of manufacturing to monitor the product and ensure consistency. These tests help in identifying and correcting deviations before the final product stage. 1.1 Weight Variation Test Purpose: To ensure consistent dosage of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in … Read more

Filling, finishing and special techniques of formulation of hard gelatin capsules, manufacturing defects

Screenshot 2025 03 19 104119 Filling, finishing and special techniques of formulation of hard gelatin capsules, manufacturing defects

Hard gelatin capsules are a popular solid dosage form, consisting of two parts: a body and a cap. These capsules are primarily composed of gelatin, which acts as the capsule shell, providing an efficient medium for delivering powdered, granulated, or semi-solid drugs. Filling of Hard Gelatin Capsules The filling process for hard gelatin capsules can … Read more

Capsule Sizes: An In-Depth Guide

Screenshot 2025 03 19 103521 Capsule Sizes: An In-Depth Guide

Capsule Sizes: Capsules are a common dosage form in pharmaceuticals, offering flexibility for delivering various active ingredients. Capsules come in a range of sizes to accommodate different dosages, allowing pharmaceutical manufacturers to select the best option based on the volume and weight of the formulation. Understanding capsule sizes is essential for proper dosage and patient … Read more

Hard Gelatin Capsules: Introduction, Production Process, and Quality Control

Screenshot 2025 03 18 215209 Hard Gelatin Capsules: Introduction, Production Process, and Quality Control

Hard Gelatin Capsules: Capsules are a popular and versatile dosage form for delivering medications, dietary supplements, and other substances orally. They are small, cylindrical, and often filled with powder, granules, semi-solids, or liquids, designed to encapsulate the active ingredients. Capsules are primarily classified into two types: hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules. This note … Read more

Benzoin: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

Screenshot 2025 03 06 155041 Benzoin: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

General Introduction Benzoin is a balsamic resin obtained from the bark of various species of the Styrax genus, primarily Styrax benzoin and Styrax tonkinensis. It is commonly known as gum benzoin or Benjamin gum and has been widely used in traditional medicine, perfumery, and incense-making. Benzoin is not a true alkaloid or a single compound … Read more

Pterocarpus: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

Screenshot 2025 03 06 153443 Pterocarpus: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

General Introduction Pterocarpus is a genus of trees belonging to the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family. The species of this genus are known for their medicinal properties, valuable timber, and resinous extracts. Some well-known species include: Pterocarpus marsupium (Indian Kino Tree) Pterocarpus santalinus (Red Sandalwood) Pterocarpus soyauxii (African Padauk) Pterocarpus indicus (Narra or Burmese Rosewood) These trees … Read more

Fibrinolytics (Thrombolytics)

Screenshot 2025 03 06 143109 Fibrinolytics (Thrombolytics)

Fibrinolytics, also known as thrombolytic agents or clot-busting drugs, are a class of drugs that dissolve blood clots by breaking down fibrin, the structural protein of clots. They work by activating plasminogen to plasmin, which degrades fibrin and helps restore normal blood flow. These agents are commonly used in the treatment of conditions such as … Read more