Unit 2 Archives - Page 2 of 2

Transmembrane JAK-STAT Binding Receptors and Receptors that Regulate Transcription Factors

June 22, 2024March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Transmembrane receptors that bind to Janus kinases (JAKs) and subsequently activate Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and various cellular processes. In this detailed note, we’ll explore the structure, function, signaling mechanisms, and pharmacological significance of these receptors, as well as other receptors that directly … Read more

Trans-membrane Enzyme-Linked Receptors: Definition, Structure, Function and Mechanism

February 24, 2025March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Transmembrane enzyme-linked receptors are a class of cell surface receptors characterized by their ability to directly phosphorylate intracellular signaling proteins upon ligand binding. These receptors play critical roles in mediating various cellular responses, including growth, differentiation, and metabolism. In this detailed note, we will explore the structure, function, signaling mechanisms, regulation, and pharmacological importance of … Read more

Ion Channel Receptors: Definition, Structure, Functions, Classification and Importance

March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Ion channel receptors are integral membrane proteins that play crucial roles in mediating the flow of ions across cell membranes in response to specific ligand binding. These receptors are involved in various physiological processes, including synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, sensory perception, and cell signaling. In this detailed note, we’ll explore the structure, function, classification, and … Read more

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)

February 24, 2025March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest family of cell surface receptors, playing crucial roles in mediating cellular responses to a diverse array of extracellular signals. These receptors are involved in numerous physiological processes, including sensory perception, neurotransmission, hormone signaling, immune response, and cell growth. Here, we delve into the intricate details of GPCRs, covering their … Read more

Drug-Receptor Interactions and Signal Transduction Mechanisms

February 24, 2025March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Drug-receptor interactions and signal transduction mechanisms are fundamental concepts in pharmacology, elucidating how drugs interact with receptors to initiate cellular responses. This detailed note explores the intricate processes involved in drug-receptor interactions and subsequent signal transduction mechanisms: Drug-Receptor Interactions 1. Lock-and-Key Model: The lock-and-key model describes the specificity of drug-receptor interactions, where drugs (keys) bind … Read more

Regulation of receptors

February 24, 2025March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Regulation of receptors refers to the processes by which cells modulate the expression, localization, activity, and responsiveness of receptors to ligands, influencing cellular signaling and physiological responses. Receptor regulation plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, adapting to changing environmental conditions and ensuring proper cellular function. The intricate mechanisms involved in receptor regulation contribute to … Read more

Receptors: Definition, Classification, and Function

February 24, 2025March 22, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Receptors are specialized proteins located on cell surfaces, within cells, or even in extracellular spaces, which bind to specific molecules, called ligands, to initiate a cellular response. These receptors play a crucial role in various physiological processes and are classified based on several criteria: Classification of Receptors Receptors are specialized proteins located on cell surfaces, … Read more

Receptor Theories: Understanding the Molecular Basis of Drug Action

June 22, 2024March 21, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Receptor theories are fundamental concepts in pharmacology that elucidate the mechanisms by which drugs interact with specific cellular targets, known as receptors, to produce their effects. These theories provide a framework for understanding the molecular basis of drug action, which is essential for drug discovery, development, and optimization of therapeutic interventions. In this detailed note, … Read more

Pharmacodynamics: Introduction, Concepts and applications

March 21, 2024 by DeepakRajput

Pharmacodynamics is the branch of pharmacology concerned with the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on the body and their mechanisms of action. It explores how drugs interact with their molecular targets, leading to physiological responses, and how these responses vary across different individuals and conditions. Understanding pharmacodynamics is crucial for optimizing drug therapy, predicting … Read more