Cholesterol is a type of lipid, or fat, that is essential for various physiological functions in the body. It is a sterol characterized by a four-ring structure known as a steroid nucleus. Cholesterol is a crucial component of cell membranes and serves as a precursor for the synthesis of hormones, …
DeepakRajput 
Fatty acid classification – Based on chemical and nutritional requirements with examples
Fatty Acid Classification: Fatty acids are organic molecules composed of hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group (COOH) at one end. They play crucial roles in various biological processes, serving as building blocks for more complex lipids and contributing to energy storage. Fatty acids can be classified based on their chemical …
Structure and properties of triglycerides (oils and fats)
Structure of Triglycerides 1. Basic Composition: Triglycerides, commonly known as fats or oils, are the most common type of lipid found in both plants and animals. The basic structure of a triglyceride consists of a glycerol molecule attached to three fatty acid chains. 2. Glycerol Molecule: Glycerol is a three-carbon …
Lipids: Definition, classification with examples
Lipids are a diverse group of organic molecules that are characterized by their hydrophobic (water-insoluble) nature. They are an essential class of biological macromolecules, along with proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Lipids serve various crucial roles in living organisms, including energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, insulation, and signaling …
Diseases related to malnutrition of proteins.
Malnutrition of proteins can lead to various diseases and health conditions due to insufficient intake or inadequate absorption of essential proteins. Protein malnutrition can manifest as both protein deficiency (kwashiorkor) and overall malnutrition (marasmus). Here are details on diseases related to protein malnutrition: 1. Kwashiorkor Cause: Kwashiorkor is primarily caused …
Qualitative tests and the biological role of proteins and amino acids
Qualitative Tests for Proteins Various qualitative tests are employed to identify the presence of proteins in a biological sample. Here are some common methods: 1. Biuret Test Principle: The biuret reagent reacts with peptide bonds, producing a violet color in the presence of proteins. Procedure: A sample is mixed with …
Protein Structure: Four Levels of Organization
The structure of proteins is organized at four distinct levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. Each level of the organization contributes to the overall shape, function, and stability of a protein. Here’s a detailed explanation of each level: 1. Primary Structure – Definition: The primary structure of a protein refers …
Amino Acids: Definition, Classification, and Nutritional Significance
Definition: Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. They consist of an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a side chain (R group), all bonded to a central carbon atom. The side chain varies among different amino acids, giving each its unique …
Definition classification of proteins based on composition and solubility with examples
Proteins are Large biomolecules composed of amino acid chains, proteins play essential roles in the structure, function, and regulation of cells and tissues. The structure and function of proteins are incredibly diverse, allowing them to perform a wide range of biological activities. Classification of Proteins Based on Composition Proteins can …
Qualitative tests and biological role of carbohydrates
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates involve detecting the presence of specific functional groups or characteristics indicative of different types of carbohydrates. Here are some common qualitative tests for carbohydrates: 1. Benedict’s Test (Reducing Sugars) Principle: Detects reducing sugars that can reduce copper ions (Cu²⁺) to form a colored precipitate. Procedure: A …
