Haematinics, also spelled “hematinics,” are a group of substances or medications that promote the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells in the human body. Crucial protein hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, binds to oxygen and carries it throughout the body, facilitating oxygen transport and delivery to cells and tissues. Healthcare professionals frequently prescribe haematinics to individuals with conditions like anemia, characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, or in cases involving an increased demand for red blood cell production, such as during pregnancy or recovery from blood loss. Common haematinics include iron supplements, vitamin B12, and folic acid, which are essential for the formation and function of red blood cells.
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous sulfate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula FeSO4. It is a type of iron salt that contains iron in its ferrous (2+) oxidation state. Ferrous sulfate is often found in two common forms:
Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O): This bluish-green crystalline solid contains seven water molecules in its structure. It is commonly used in various industrial and agricultural applications.
Ferrous Sulfate Anhydrous (FeSO4): This is the anhydrous (water-free) form of ferrous sulfate, typically appearing as a white or pale green powder. Pharmaceuticals and dietary supplement manufacturers use it as a source of iron.
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Ferrous sulfate, also known as iron (II) sulfate or iron (II) sulfate, is a pharmaceutical formulation that addresses iron-deficiency anemia. It is available in various forms, including:
1. Ferrous Sulfate Tablets: These tablets typically contain ferrous sulfate as the active ingredient, along with other excipients, to form a solid dosage form. They come in different strengths, such as 325 mg (equivalent to 65 mg of elemental iron) or 195 mg (equivalent to 39 mg).
2. Ferrous Sulfate Elixir: This liquid formulation is often used for pediatric or elderly patients who may have difficulty swallowing tablets. It contains a specified concentration of ferrous sulfate along with flavoring agents and preservatives.
3. Ferrous Sulfate Capsules: Similar to tablets, capsules contain ferrous sulfate in a solid dosage form. They are available in various strengths, offering flexibility in dosing.
Market Preparations:
Ferrous sulfate is widely available as a prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medication. Some common brand names for ferrous sulfate formulations include Fer-In-Sol, Feosol, and Slow FE. It can be found in most pharmacies and is also available in generic versions.
Storage Conditions
Proper storage of ferrous sulfate is essential to maintain its stability and effectiveness:
Temperature: Store at room temperature, preferably between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Moisture: Keep the medication in a tightly sealed container to protect it from moisture, as moisture can cause the tablets or capsules to degrade.
Light: Store in a dark or opaque container to protect it from light, as exposure to light can affect the stability of the compound.
Childproofing: Keep ferrous sulfate out of reach of children and store it in a childproof container to prevent accidental ingestion.
Uses
Ferrous sulfate has several important medical uses:
1. Treatment of Iron-Deficiency Anemia: The primary and most common use of ferrous sulfate is for treating and preventing iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is essential for producing hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells. Anemia occurs when there is insufficient iron in the body to produce an adequate number of healthy red blood cells.
2. Supplemental Iron: Ferrous sulfate is a dietary supplement for individuals with low iron levels due to various causes, including inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption conditions, or chronic blood loss (e.g., heavy menstruation and gastrointestinal bleeding).
3. Prenatal and Maternal Health:Healthcare providers often prescribe ferrous sulfate to pregnant women to prevent or treat iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy, which can provide significant health benefits for both the mother and the developing fetus.
4. Post-Surgery or Blood Loss: Healthcare professionals may prescribe it after surgeries, injuries, or in cases of excessive blood loss to help replenish iron stores in the body.
It’s important to note that individuals should use ferrous sulfate under the guidance of a healthcare professional.The dosage and duration of treatment will depend on the individual’s specific condition and needs, and overuse or misuse can lead to iron toxicity, which can be harmful. Additionally, it may cause side effects such as gastrointestinal upset, so it’s crucial to follow dosing instructions carefully and consult a healthcare provider for any concerns or questions.
