Digestion involves breaking down food into smaller components for cellular absorption and utilization. Absorption is the uptake of these components into the bloodstream or lymphatic system for distribution to cells. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is where most digestion and absorption of nutrients occur. Here’s an overview of the processes for different macronutrients: 1.Carbohydrate: 1. Digestion: … Read more
The liver is a vital organ in the upper right side of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm. It is the largest glandular organ in the human body and performs many functions necessary for overall health. Let’s explore the anatomy and functions of the liver: Anatomy of the Liver The liver is a reddish-brown organ divided … Read more
The pancreas is a glandular organ in the abdomen, behind the stomach. It has both endocrine and exocrine functions and is vital for digestion and regulating blood sugar levels. Let’s explore the anatomy and functions of the pancreas: The pancreas is roughly six inches long and shaped like a thin, flattened fish. It is situated … Read more
The salivary glands are a group of exocrine glands in the mouth that produce saliva. Saliva is a watery fluid that plays several vital roles in the oral cavity and the initial stages of digestion. There are three major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual glands. Anatomy of … Read more
The large intestine, also known as the colon, is the final segment of the gastrointestinal tract. It follows the small intestine and is responsible for the absorption of water, electrolytes, and certain vitamins and the formation and elimination of feces. Structure of the Large Intestine: The large intestine has a greater diameter than the small … Read more
The small intestine is a long, narrow, tube-like organ that is part of the gastrointestinal tract. It follows the stomach and connects to the large intestine. The primary function of the small intestine is the digestion and absorption of nutrients from the food we eat. Structure of the Small Intestine: The small intestine is divided … Read more
According to biology, the stomach is the J-shaped, thick-walled organ that lies in the digestive cavity of the body. Even though a minimal percentage of digestion occurs in the mouth, the digestive process begins in the buccal cavity itself. The stomach connects the esophagus to the first part of the small intestine, known as the … Read more
“The gastrointestinal tract is part of an organ system in humans and other animals that takes in food, digests it, absorbs nutrients, and expels it out in the form of feces.” The gastrointestinal tract in humans begins at the mouth, continuing through the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. The GI tract is about … Read more
Lung Volumes and Capacities: Lung volumes and capacities describe the amount of air within the lungs and the ability to move air during different phases of respiration. Here are the commonly measured lung volumes and capacities: 1. Tidal Volume (TV): The, Tidal Volume measures the air volume the lungs inhale and exhale during an unforced, … Read more
Respiration, the process of breathing, is a vital physiological function that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the external environment. It is a complex process that involves both voluntary and involuntary control mechanisms. In this detailed note, we will explore the regulation and mechanism of respiration. 1. Respiratory Centers … Read more
