The preservation of pharmaceutical products is essential to prevent microbial contamination, degradation, and spoilage, thereby ensuring their safety, efficacy, and shelf life. Antimicrobial agents, commonly referred to as preservatives, play a key role in protecting pharmaceutical products, especially those that contain water or are prone to contamination. These preservatives inhibit …
Common and IUPAC Systems of Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Nomenclature is the system of naming chemical compounds in a standardized way. Organic compounds can be named using two main systems: the common (or trivial) system and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) system. Common Nomenclature System The common system of nomenclature often uses historical or traditional …
Classification of Organic Compounds
Organic compounds are primarily made of carbon atoms in combination with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. These compounds are classified based on various criteria such as the structure of the carbon chain, the presence of specific functional groups, and the nature of the carbon-carbon bonds. Here’s a …
Alcohols and disulfiram
Alcohols Alcohols are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. They are commonly used as solvents, disinfectants, antiseptics, and psychoactive substances. Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol, is the most widely consumed alcohol and is found in alcoholic …