COVID-19

Influenza: Causative agents, epidemiology and clinical presentations and Role of Pharmacists

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Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can range from mild to severe and can lead to complications, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with underlying health conditions. Causative Agents Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and … Read more

Study of morphology, classification, reproduction/replication, and cultivation of  Virus

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1. Morphology of Viruses: Virology: The scientific study of viruses is known as virology. Structure: Viruses are acellular entities consisting of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Capsid Shapes: Capsids can have various shapes, including helical, icosahedral, or complex. Envelope: Some viruses have an additional lipid envelope … Read more

Vaccines- Definition, Types, Development, Challenges

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Introduction: Vaccines are critical tools in public health, protecting against various infectious diseases by stimulating the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens. This overview provides a comprehensive guide to vaccines, covering their definition, types, development, administration, and impact on global health. Definition: Vaccines are biological substances that stimulate the immune system to recognize … Read more

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