Sterilization is a critical process in microbiology, medicine, and various industries to eliminate or destroy all microbial life forms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores. Physical methods of sterilization involve the use of physical agents to achieve this goal. Some common physical methods include heat, radiation, and filtration. 1. Heat Sterilization Principle: Due to its ability … Read more
Filtration is the process wherein a filter medium separates a heterogeneous mixture of fluid and solid particles. The filter medium allows the passage of fluid but retains the solid particles. The process retains oversized solids in the fluid, but it does not complete the separation, as the filtrate may contaminate with solid particles smaller in … Read more
The process of urine formation, known as renal physiology, involves several key steps within the kidneys. These steps include filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Here is an overview of the physiology of urine formation: 1.Filtration •The process of urine formation begins in the microscopic functional units of the kidneys called nephrons. Each kidney contains millions of … Read more
