Ipratropium

Asthma: Causes, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or early in the morning. These episodes are associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction within the lungs that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. Understanding asthma involves exploring its … Read more

Parasympatholytics or anticholinergics or parasympathetic blockers

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Parasympatholytics, also known as anticholinergics or parasympathetic blockers, are a class of drugs that antagonize the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) at muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system. These drugs inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system’s actions, leading to various physiological effects. Classification of Parasympatholytics Parasympatholytics can be classified based on their chemical structure or their … Read more

Emergency Drugs: Definition, Categories, and Uses

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Definition Emergency drugs are medications that are administered in critical or life-threatening situations to address immediate medical needs. These drugs are crucial in various healthcare settings, including emergency departments, intensive care units, and pre-hospital care, where rapid intervention is essential to stabilize patients and prevent further harm. Categories of Emergency Drugs 1. Cardiac Arrest and … Read more

Bronchodilators: Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indications, and contraindications

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Bronchodilators are a class of medications that relax and dilate the airways in the respiratory system. They are primarily used to manage various respiratory conditions characterized by bronchoconstriction, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Classification of Bronchodilators Bronchodilators are broadly classified into three main categories based on their mechanisms of action: 1. … Read more

Bronchodilators- Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications and contraindications

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Bronchodilators are medications used to relax and widen the airways in the lungs, making breathing easier. They primarily manage respiratory conditions characterized by airway constriction, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis. Bronchodilators are classified into three main categories based on their mechanisms of action: beta-2 adrenergic agonists, anticholinergics, and xanthine derivatives. … Read more

Anticholinergic drugs

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Anticholinergic drugs, also known as anticholinergic drugs, block the effects of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that activates cholinergic receptors in the body. These drugs work by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine at its receptors, leading to a range of physiological effects. Definition Anticholinergic drugs are a class of medications that block the effects of acetylcholine at … Read more

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